英语祈使句的结构及用法
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。下面是小编整理的英语祈使句的结构及用法，欢迎参考!
祈使句的结构
1) 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的'句子)。
Take this seat.
Do be careful.
否定结构：
Don't move.
Don't be late.
2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。
Let 的反意疑问句
a. Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?
= Shall we have another try?
b.Let us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try，will you / won't you?
= Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构：
Let's not talk of that matter.
Let us not talk of that matter.
如何引用祈使句
祈使句如要引用，多使用一个不定式，前面的谓语形式根据语气决定。如：
“Wake him up,” she said.
→She told me to wake him up.
“See a neurologist,” the doctor said.
→The doctor advised me to see a neurologist.
“Stay where you are and don’t move,” commanded the sergeant.
→The sergeant commanded the man to stay where he was and not to move.
“Carry the trunk upstairs,” Mr. Brown said.
→Mr. Brown ordered the men to carry the trunk upstairs.
能跟这种结构的动词有：
advise ask beg command forbid instruct invite order,persuade remind teach tell urge warn
祈使句的分类及例句
1.祈使句构成方式：动词原形+其他。如：Please buy some bananas for me.请为我买一些香蕉。
2.祈使句否定形式：在动词原形前+Don't。如：Don't look ou of the window.不要向窗外看。
3.祈使句的反意疑问句用will you/won't you。以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用shall we。以let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用will you/shall we。如：Don't swim here,will you?不要在这游泳，好吗? Let's go to the zoo,shall we?让我们去动物园吧，好吗?
4.let引起的祈使句：肯定形式为Let+sb+动词原形+其他;否定形式为Let+sb+not+动词原形+其他/Don't let+sb+do+其他。如：Let's join the soccer club.让我们加入足球俱乐部吧。 Don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。
5.禁止祈使句：No+n./ v.ing。如：No smoking!禁止吸烟!
拓展内容：英语祈使句的三种回答
1.Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。 如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
2.Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。 如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3.Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。 如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
